Persepolis and Elamite

Persepolis 

(Old Persian Pârsa, modern Takht-e Jamshid): Greek name of one of the capitals of the ancient Achaemenid empire, founded by the great king Darius (522-486 BCE). 

Elamite 

Elamite is an extinct language spoken by the ancient Elamites. Elamite was the primary language in present day Iran from 2800–550 BCE. The last written records in Elamite appear about the time of the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great

Before the great Achaemenid Persian Empire of the 5th century BCE, the Elamites were the most influential people to hold dominion over the regions east of Mesopotamia, in what is now southwestern Iran.
The development of writing in Elam paralleled that in Sumer. (check out Sumerian language). From as early as the 8th millenium BCE, clay tokens of different shapes were used to represent commodities such as grain, livestock, alcohol, and manufactured goods for economic record-keeping and transactions. And like the rest of Mesopotamia, by the late 4th millenium BCE clay tokens were being stored inside bullae, oblong or spherical clay envelopes stamped with seal impressions, which most likely indicated the owners or contents of the tokens inside the envelopes. Quickly thereafter, marks were impressed into the surface of the bullae to count number of tokens inside, thus marking the appearance of a numerical system. Soon clay tokens were completely left out of the bullae, and so completing the transition to a purely abstract representation of quantities.
At the beginning of the 3rd millenium BCE, the written tradition in Sumer diverged from that of its contemporaries in Mesopotamia. Along with changes in the script, the archaeological record also indicates changes in material culture, as reflected in new architectural style and ceramic technology that bore closer resemblance to cultures of the Iranian plateau rather than Mesopotamian traditions. It is possible that a new people migrated into this area, although one cannot completely discount the whole-hearted adoption of a new culture.
Whatever the reason, a new script tradition appeared in Elam at approximately 2900 BCE. Called proto-Elamite, this script represented the earliest native writing system in Elam. Visually, proto-Elamite is quite unlike the cuneiform script prevalent in other parts of Mesopotamia, and instead is composed of lines and circles. All proto-Elamite texts can be demonstrated to be accounting records, as numbers are preceeded by one or more non-numerical signs, which were logograms and maybe even syllabograms. However, this is about all we know about proto-Elamite, as the script remains undeciphered due to lack of a sizeable corpus and any bilingual text.
The following is an example of a proto-Elamite accounting tablet. The direction of reading is right-to-left, then downward when the end of line is reached.

Elamites

The biblical name of a hilly country, east of the River Tigris (Hiddekel) bordered by Assyria and Madai on the north, the Persian Gulf on the south and Persia on the east and southeast. Its capital was Susa (Shushan). Most of our knowledge of it derives from Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian sources. There was a constant state of war between Elam and the kingdoms of Lagash and Assyria. By the end of the 2nd millennium B.C. the Elamites had succeeded in deposing the Sumerian Dynasty of Ur. According to Genesis chapter 14, Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, ruled over all the countries which were formerly under the yoke of Babylon, and the countries on the Jordan were his tributaries. At the beginning of the 12th century B.C. the Elamites invaded Babylon, and the stone on which Hammurabi wrote his code of laws was captured by them and taken to Susa, where it was found in 1902. The rise of Assyria in the 8th-7th centuries B.C. led to clashes between the two kingdoms. Sargon II, Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal conducted continuous military campaigns against Elam. Susa fell in 645 B.C. Elamites then took part in the Assyrian campaigns against Judah (Is 22:6), and after the fall of Nineveh Elam regained its freedom. Isaiah prophesied the unification of Elam and Media, which was to bring about the conquest of Babylon (Is 21:2, 9). The fall of Elam was foretold by Jeremiah (49:34-39) and by Ezekiel (32:24-25). During the period of the Persian empire Elam was one of the satrapies, with Susa as its capital. Elamites settled in Samaria impeded the Jews who returned from the Babylonian Exile (Ezra 4:8-9).

Darius